A REVIEW OF ROUTING PROTOCOLS IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

Abstract

Modern wireless communication networks now benefit from the addition of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). When data transfer paths are chosen optimally, energy consumption is reduced, extending the network lifetime of wireless sensor networks. Numerous protocols for data distribution, power management, and routing have been created especially for wireless sensor networks (WSNs), where energy awareness is a crucial design consideration. WSN routing methods can vary based on the application and network architecture because a standard WSN communication stack has not yet been agreed upon. More recent routing methods are needed to meet the demands of pervasive and ubiquitous computing. The four categories used in this study to categorize WSN Routing Protocols are: network structure, protocol operation, routing path formation, and communication initiator. Additionally, the homogeneity and heterogeneity of sensor nodes, as well as the clustered and non-clustered criteria among both, have been used to categorize routing systems.